Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gucunga neza umusaruro?

Imicungire y’umusaruro ushingiye ku buryo bwo gucunga neza imishinga binyuze mu kuvugurura imiterere ya sisitemu, imicungire y’umuryango, uburyo bwo gukora no gutanga isoko n’ibisabwa, kugira ngo ibigo bishobore guhura n’imihindagurikire yihuse ku byifuzo by’abakiriya, kandi bishobora gukora ibintu byose bidafite akamaro kandi birenze urugero muri guhuza umusaruro bigabanuka, hanyuma amaherezo ugere kubisubizo byiza mubice byose byumusaruro harimo gutanga isoko no kwamamaza.

Ikigo gishinzwe imicungire y’imyororokere cyizera ko gitandukanye n’ibikorwa gakondo binini by’ibicuruzwa, ibyiza byo gucunga umusaruro w’ibinyamisogwe ni “byinshi bitandukanye” na “itsinda rito”, kandi intego nyamukuru y’ibikoresho byo gucunga umusaruro unanutse ni ukugabanya imyanda no gukora byinshi. agaciro.

Gucunga umusaruro ushimishije bikubiyemo uburyo 11 bukurikira:

1. Umusaruro mugihe gikwiye (JIT)

Uburyo bwo gukora-mugihe gikwiye bwaturutse kuri Toyota Motor Company mu Buyapani, kandi igitekerezo cyayo ni;Tanga ibyo ukeneye gusa mugihe ubikeneye kandi muburyo ukeneye.Intandaro yiyi nzira yumusaruro nugukurikirana sisitemu yimikorere idafite ububiko, cyangwa sisitemu igabanya ibarura.

2. Igice kimwe gitemba

JIT niyo ntego nyamukuru yo gucunga umusaruro unanutse, bigerwaho no guhora ukuraho imyanda, kugabanya ibarura, kugabanya inenge, kugabanya igihe cyigihe cyo gukora nibindi bisabwa byihariye.Igice kimwe gitemba nimwe muburyo bwingenzi bwadufasha kugera kuriyi ntego.

3. Kurura sisitemu

Ibyo bita gukurura umusaruro nubuyobozi bwa Kanban nkuburyo bwo gufata;Gufata ibikoresho bishingiye kubikorwa bikurikira;Isoko rikeneye kubyaza umusaruro, kandi ibura ryibicuruzwa muriki gikorwa rifata ibicuruzwa bingana gutya mubikorwa byabanjirije iki, kugirango bibe uburyo bwo kugenzura gukurura ibikorwa byose, kandi ntibigere bitanga ibicuruzwa birenze kimwe.JIT igomba gushingira kubikorwa byo gukurura, kandi gukurura sisitemu imikorere ni ibintu bisanzwe biranga imicungire yumusaruro.Gukurikirana ibarura rya zeru bigerwaho ahanini binyuze mumikorere ya sisitemu yo gukurura.

4, ibarura rya zeru cyangwa ibarura rito

Imicungire y'ibicuruzwa by'isosiyete ni igice cyo gutanga amasoko, ariko kandi igice cy'ibanze.Ku bijyanye n’inganda zikora, gushimangira imicungire y’ibarura bishobora kugabanya no gukuraho buhoro buhoro igihe cyo kugumana ibikoresho fatizo, ibicuruzwa bitarangiye, n’ibicuruzwa byarangiye, kugabanya ibikorwa bidakora neza n’igihe cyo gutegereza, gukumira ibura ry’imigabane, no kunoza abakiriya;Ubwiza, ikiguzi, gutanga ibintu bitatu byo kunyurwa.

5. Ubuyobozi bugaragara na 5S

Ni impfunyapfunyo yamagambo atanu Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seikeetsu, na Shitsuke, yatangiriye mu Buyapani.5S ni inzira nuburyo bwo guhanga no kubungabunga ahantu hateganijwe, hasukuye kandi neza hashobora kwigisha, gutera imbaraga no guhinga neza;Ingeso zabantu, imiyoborere irashobora kwerekana imiterere isanzwe kandi idasanzwe mugihe gito, kandi irashobora kohereza amakuru vuba kandi neza.

6. Ubuyobozi bwa Kanban

Kanban ni ijambo ry'Ikiyapani ku kirango cyangwa ikarita ishyirwa cyangwa yometse ku kintu cyangwa igice cy'ibice, cyangwa amatara atandukanye y'ibimenyetso by'amabara, amashusho ya televiziyo, n'ibindi, ku murongo w'ibyakozwe.Kanban irashobora gukoreshwa nkuburyo bwo guhanahana amakuru ajyanye no gucunga umusaruro muruganda.Ikarita ya Kanban ikubiyemo amakuru menshi kandi irashobora gukoreshwa.Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwa kanban bukunze gukoreshwa: umusaruro kanban no gutanga kanban.

7, Kubungabunga umusaruro wuzuye (TPM)

TPM yatangiriye mu Buyapani, ni inzira zose zirimo gukora ibikoresho bya sisitemu byateguwe neza, kuzamura igipimo cy’imikoreshereze y’ibikoresho bihari, kugera ku mutekano no mu rwego rwo hejuru, no gukumira ibitagenda neza, kugira ngo ibigo bigere ku kugabanya ibiciro no kuzamura umusaruro muri rusange .

8. Ikarita Yagaciro Ikarita (VSM)

Ihuza ry'umusaruro ryuzuyemo imyanda itangaje, ikarita yagaciro (ikarita yerekana agaciro) niyo shingiro ningingo yingenzi yo gushyira mubikorwa gahunda yo kunanirwa no gukuraho imyanda.

9. Igishushanyo mbonera cyumurongo wibyakozwe

Imiterere idahwitse yimirongo yumusaruro iganisha ku kugenda bitari ngombwa byabakozi bakora, bityo bikagabanya umusaruro;Kubera gahunda zidafite ishingiro ninzira zidafite ishingiro, abakozi batora cyangwa bagashyira hasi ibihangano inshuro nyinshi.

10. Uburyo bwa SMED

Kugirango ugabanye imyanda yo hasi, inzira yo kugabanya igihe cyo gushiraho ni ugukuraho buhoro buhoro no kugabanya ibikorwa byose bitongerewe agaciro no kubihindura mubikorwa bitarangiye.Imicungire y’umusaruro unanutse ni ugukomeza gukuraho imyanda, kugabanya ibarura, kugabanya inenge, kugabanya igihe cyigihe cyo gukora nibindi bisabwa byihariye kugirango tubigereho, uburyo bwa SMED ni bumwe muburyo bwingenzi budufasha kugera kuriyi ntego.

11. Gukomeza Gutezimbere (Kaizen)

Kaizen ni ijambo ry'ikiyapani rihwanye na CIP.Mugihe utangiye kumenya neza agaciro, kumenya neza agaciro, komeza intambwe zo gushiraho agaciro kubicuruzwa runaka bitemba, kandi ubone abakiriya gukuramo agaciro mubucuruzi, amarozi atangira kubaho.